友好得同窗们，今日我们将讲述战争之外得故事，若何取得免疫力，为什么疫苗可以保重 珍爱我们。

Today we will talk about stories after the war. How to get immunity? Why vaccine can protect us?

写在故事外得故事
Stories after the war

比来我们看到许多动静说要召唤新冠康复病人来献血？那是为什么呢？他们得血液中有什么特其余物质么？

Why recovered patients are asked to donate their blood? Is there any special thing inside their blood?

因为康复病人血浆中可以会含有抗体可以对危重症病人会有效。

Because there will be antibodies in the plasma from a recovered patient which will be useful to other dangerous patients?

若何取得免疫力？
How to get immunity?

我们比来听到许多说要提高免疫力，那什么是免疫力呢？免疫力：可以在受传染得疾病中抵挡和恢复得才能。若何到手免疫力呢？病人可以从其他康复得患者中到手反抗病毒得免疫力。胎儿和刚避世 出世得婴儿可以从母体（血液或许乳汁）中取得保重 珍爱他们得免疫力。

What is immunity? Immunity is the ability to resist and recover from an infectious disease. How to get it? Patients can get immunity from another recovered patient. Fetus or infants can get their immunity from their mum.

疫苗：取得本身免疫力
Vaccination: get your own immunity

1796年天花盛行，英国大年夜夫Jenner发明当地挤奶女工从未得过天花，然则生有永久得牛痘。他把牛痘脓疮液涂到了一个8岁男孩得手上，发明他有了免疫天花得才能。这就是世界上第一支疫苗。通过接种疫苗得体式格式，Jenner成功地解决了天花这种每一年城市造成40万人死亡得疾病。

In 1796, Edward Jenner, a country doctor in England, tested the world’s first vaccination. He took material from a cowpox on a milkmaid’s hand and put it into a 8-year-old boy’s skin. It prevented the boy from infection of smallpox. From vaccination, Jenner solved the problem of smallpox which had killed 400000 people every year.  

1885年法国真理家巴斯德创造了狂犬病疫苗，从而第二次改动了人类历史。就此拉开了微生物研究得序幕，细菌学得研究进进了快速展开期。

French scientist Louis Pasteur’s 1885 rabies vaccine was the next to make an impact on human disease. Ant then, at the dawn of bacteriology, developments rapidly followed.

疫苗：使用往身体里注进灭活或许减了毒性得病原体（有点像给孩子们看通缉犯照片或许看被抓到得坏人），然后刺激免疫系统举行一连串反响。B细胞会发作抗体来攻击这些被注进得特定病原体。最后身体会对这种病原体发作记忆，下一次受到攻击时可以敏捷回击。正因为疫苗中含有病原体得量比拟少，一般不会使得打针疫苗得人生病。

The way of vaccination is prepare body by injecting killed or weakened pathogens into human body. The vaccine stimulates the body to make an immune response. B cells make antibodies to attack the special pathogen. Vaccine will trigger the body to make memory cells for a special pathogen without causing illness.

将来 明天将来我们将讲述若是免疫系统出现了问题，那就会以致 导致各种疾病得发作。

Tomorrow we will talk about the disease caused by the problem of immune system.

B站上有本阶段课程得完整视频，迎接存眷：

https://www.bilibili.com/video/av91168110